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Hi, everyone.

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Thank you all for coming.

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My name is Jocelyn Mosman.

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I am a senior at
Mount Holyoke College.

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And this summer, I worked at
the Leadership Lab Initiative

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at Harvard's Graduate
School of Education

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doing research on
youth entrepreneurship

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in higher education facilities.

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So while I did other things,
the primary idea of this talk

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is going to be about
the research study

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that I conducted.

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I interviewed 73 students,
student entrepreneurs,

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professors of
entrepreneurship, and directors

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of centers of
entrepreneurship programs

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at 43 of the top 50
universities known

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for their entrepreneurship
programs across the country.

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And I was investigating
university supports for

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and causes of what
is going on that

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is causing this influx, this
uptick of young entrepreneurs

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going into our colleges today?

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Just to give you a
note on this, the paper

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will be published
later on this fall.

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So a few of our findings.

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I'm going to just run down this
list and then talk about a few

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of the major points.

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We found that there was a
creation of majors, minors,

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and concentrations in
entrepreneurship, which

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means that you can now
get entrepreneurship

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degrees at some of these
universities, entrepreneurship

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capstone courses.

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We also found that there
were competitions and campus

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initiatives.

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And so some of these campus
initiatives and competitions, I

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heard from one
professor, there was

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a competition that
involves students literally

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getting onto the baseball
field and pitching

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their ideas to the angels in
the outfield, or the investors.

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So it was called
Angels in the Outfield.

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And that will be the only
sports metaphor in this talk.

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We also found that the
lean startup teaching

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model is very popular.

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It has since, in
the past 10 years,

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replaced the
business plan model,

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which was the predominant model
used up until just recently.

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The integration
to the community,

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a lot of these
students are engaging

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with community members, whether
it's entrepreneurs, or CEOs,

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or they're bringing
entrepreneurs into the campus

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and having them sit as
entrepreneurs in residence,

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and the centers are
having them teach classes.

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Their community involvement
is a very large aspect.

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And then finally,
interdisciplinary focus.

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We're seeing more
and more students

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who were journalists majors
who are becoming entrepreneurs,

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because they're having to
self-promote and create

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a brand just like
entrepreneurs would,

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which I found very interesting.

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Additionally, we found that the
causes of the uptick, primarily

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an economic collapse
that happened

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in 2008-- a lot
of these students

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grew up watching their
parents lose their jobs

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in big corporations,
and they didn't

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want to become a
part of that system.

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University emphasis,
as I mentioned

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on the previous
page-- obviously,

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with more university
emphasis, there

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comes more students interested.

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Also, the rise of technology.

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A lot of the students
in school today

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were brought up with iPhones,
iPods, iPads, laptop computers.

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Pretty much technology
at their fingertips,

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which means that there is
a lower barrier of entry.

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There's low risk coming
immediately out of college

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to start a business.

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You don't have to worry about
a family or obligations,

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in that sense.

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So it's the prime time to start
creating your own business.

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Additionally, universities
are getting government funding

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for their programs.

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So in order to create more
entrepreneurship initiatives,

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the government is actually
giving universities

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money to promote
entrepreneurship,

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which will little later
on, help the economy.

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The Facebook effect--
essentially, students

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hear about Mark Zuckerberg,
founders of Facebook,

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of AirBnB, these other
major tech corporations.

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And students are thinking to
themselves, if they can do it,

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why can't I, which
is pushing them

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towards pursuing this degree
and this lifestyle, this career

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path.

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Additionally, the media
appeal, with shows

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like Shark Tank, and West
Texas Investors Club,

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and CNBC-- students
are seeing it right

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live in their faces every day.

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So clearly, this is something
that's impacting them.

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And finally, there's the desire
to make a difference, which

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is such a primary aspect to
this, because students aren't

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willing to sit in
corporate jobs anymore,

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and bank jobs where there
is no upwards mobility

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and they're just
part of a system.

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Now, they want to actually
make their mark on the world.

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And social ventures
are a huge aspect

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of what we found in
entrepreneurs today.

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Just to give you
an idea, we came up

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with two theories, the
first being generation

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F, or generation
of young founders.

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This generation consists of
college and graduate students,

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young professionals.

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These are the people who
grew up with technology,

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watched the economic
collapse happen,

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and have a desire to make
a difference by creating

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their own business.

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Additionally, we
created the creation

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based learning model,
which is essentially

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experiential learning 3.0.

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This is your internships,
accelerators, incubators,

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whatever the university
can do to get students out

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of the classroom and creating
hands-on experience, having

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those experiences in the
center, in the classroom,

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in the community, abroad.

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And so I have a few
quotes from students

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that we had in this study.

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And these quotes
contain information

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like they want to
make a difference,

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or their family went bankrupt.

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So they were forced
to move, and that's

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why they're pursuing
entrepreneurship.

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Or they wanted to create
something that was larger

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than themselves, which
the two that mentioned

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trying to create a
difference are both

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working in social ventures.

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The quotes that I
have from the creation

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based learning model talk
about apprenticeships.

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They talk about putting
students in the room,

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vibrant internships,
study abroad programs.

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But the final quote is the
quote that really sums up

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what we found in
the study is you

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can't teach entrepreneurship
without doing it.

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There has to be
hands on component,

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which is so vital to the
study of entrepreneurship

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and how that process
works, getting them

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from classroom to career.

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Finally, I just wanted
to take a moment

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and thank Harvard Graduate
School of Education;

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thank [? Linc ?]
at Mount Holyoke;

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my boss, Barbara, at
the Leadership Lab.

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She's actually a former
international lawyer, which

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is what I want to go into.

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And she now is pursuing
a career in education,

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in higher education.

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And she created a women's
university in Asia

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before coming back to
Harvard, which is really neat.

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She was a Smith alum.

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It was a very interesting
connection that we had,

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and all of the
people on our team

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were also women's
college students alumna.

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It was a really
wonderful experience.

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And then also, thank
you, Professor Jacoby.

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And I would like to thank
the rest of my panel.

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Here are just a
few sources, if you

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want to take a look
at any of the articles

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that I was able to write this
summer, and our research.

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And finally, thank
you all for listening,

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and I appreciate your time.

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[APPLAUSE]

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