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Hi, everyone.

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My name is Soomin Park, and
I'm a sophomore [INAUDIBLE].

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So today I'm going to present
how my last summer has

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influenced my future planning
to be a research scientist.

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So I want to start from how
I got my first opportunity

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in research internship.

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So I used the department emails.

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I found them very informational.

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They told me a lot of
information sessions

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or other research [INAUDIBLE].

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They gave me a good
grasp [INAUDIBLE].

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Also, the clubs
and organizations

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were very helpful.

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So there is chemistry,
biochemistry, [INAUDIBLE]

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other presenter
is vice-president.

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So they have sent me a lot of
[INAUDIBLE] about [INAUDIBLE]

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for success for
research internship,

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or how to search the research
opportunities [INAUDIBLE].

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However, I have some
personal restrictions

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because I [INAUDIBLE], and
also [INAUDIBLE] internship.

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There were not that many
internship opportunities

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that I could apply for, and
also I didn't get [INAUDIBLE]

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because I'm an
international student.

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And I didn't get [INAUDIBLE]
funding, so [INAUDIBLE].

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So I decided I would go back
to Korea, which is my home,

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and then stay with
my family, but have

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internship near by my house.

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So I can save money
and [INAUDIBLE].

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So I searched around
my house and there were

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[INAUDIBLE] research
institutes or the universities.

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So I went to their lab websites,
read their research interests,

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and also the abstracts of
their published papers, which

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helped me [INAUDIBLE].

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So I got two of them,
two positive emails back,

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and I had interviewed
[INAUDIBLE].

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So KAIST is Korea
Advanced Institute

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of Science and Technology.

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It is one of the top
universities in Korea,

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especially for science.

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So I was lucky enough
to get in there.

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And I was in
chromatin biology lab,

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which was graduate school lab.

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So here are some
pictures of my lab.

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And so we had like
weekly lab seminar,

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which we shared our experiences
for the week and the challenges

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we met in during
the lab, or also

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how to solve those challenges
or share the ideas.

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And we had some occasion
to [INAUDIBLE] lunch

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or dinner, and once a
month we [INAUDIBLE].

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So finally to my research.

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So--

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Thank you for coming.

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Make yourselves comfortable.

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So I'll start again
from my research.

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So not only mine, but
the overall [INAUDIBLE].

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Research was all
focused on [INAUDIBLE].

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So most of them were
focused on the study, which

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is about the [INAUDIBLE]
organism called [INAUDIBLE]

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modification of the
gene expression,

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like the alteration of
the genetic [? code. ?]

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So here is the basic
flowchart, like what

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my research is based on.

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So there is something
called [INAUDIBLE].

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It is a multi-
[INAUDIBLE] complex.

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And [INAUDIBLE] very
important functions

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in the eukaryotic cells.

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But one of it is
transcription [INAUDIBLE].

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So one way that you
regulate the transcription

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is by recurring the [INAUDIBLE],
which is [INAUDIBLE].

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And there's also
[INAUDIBLE], which is enzyme,

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and then it has
[INAUDIBLE], which also

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interacts with [INAUDIBLE].

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And it is, it
eventually [INAUDIBLE].

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So then, what is
eukaryotic transcription?

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So here is a basic overview.

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So it is replicating the
genetic information of the DNA

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into binary in
eukaryotic cells, and it

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is in three-step processes,
and mine was [INAUDIBLE].

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So there is [INAUDIBLE]
complex, which I

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would have called [INAUDIBLE].

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And it has seven genetic
transcription vectors,

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and [INAUDIBLE].

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And then this is how,
basically, transcription

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gets initiated in the cell.

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And there's SAGA and Proteasome.

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So SAGA has a lot of
different modules.

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It is a very big and
complex protein molecule.

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And then there is [INAUDIBLE],
which [INAUDIBLE].

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And proteasome is a
protein [INAUDIBLE] enzyme,

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but it also has a
few [INAUDIBLE],

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such as [INAUDIBLE]
SAGA and [INAUDIBLE].

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So here's a basic
animation, like it's

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a really simplified
version to show

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what is actually happening.

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So there is
[? recurring DNA ?] [INAUDIBLE]

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And SAGA gets nearby
the [INAUDIBLE] region,

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that it [INAUDIBLE]
formation, so there

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comes seven different
transcription vectors,

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and [INAUDIBLE].

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And this is like what happens
when the transcription gets

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initiated.

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Then proteasome comes
back, and then what happens

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is SAGA [INAUDIBLE] gets
dissociated by proteasome,

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and now it can't recruit the
[INAUDIBLE] region anymore.

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So this is one way to regulate
the transcription initiation.

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Then my purpose of the
lab was to evaluate

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the effect of SAGA proteasome
correction in transcription

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initiation by measuring the
saturation of active DNA

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[INAUDIBLE] one of
the pink protein

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that is colored in green.

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So I used [INAUDIBLE],
which is just [INAUDIBLE].

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And for the [INAUDIBLE],
I used [INAUDIBLE]

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And the method I
used was ChIP-seq.

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It is [INAUDIBLE]
sequence method.

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And what it does
is basically we are

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trying to sequence the
genomic DNA fragments that

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are bonded by [INAUDIBLE].

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And [INAUDIBLE] I
used in the process

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was, again, [INAUDIBLE] protein.

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And so by fixating and isolating
and fragmentizing the DNA

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protein complexes,
and using antibody

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to precipitate
[INAUDIBLE] DNA complex,

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I could amplify
the [INAUDIBLE] DNA

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and sequence the
DNA [INAUDIBLE].

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So I have a few different
result analysis, and also

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qualitative analysis,
but this was

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the average of [INAUDIBLE] at
the transcription target sight.

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So this was drawn by
using [INAUDIBLE], which

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is a software.

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And then here, from
this graph, you

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can see that [INAUDIBLE], which
is the proteasome mutated on,

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has seen from a
higher amount of DNA

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sequence and the
transcription target sight.

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And compared to
that, [INAUDIBLE].

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So what it leads to is--
here's the flowchart again--

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but this time, proteasome
has [INAUDIBLE] mutated,

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which leads to no
interaction with SAGA.

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That means SAGA [INAUDIBLE]
is not getting [INAUDIBLE],

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and that leads to [INAUDIBLE].

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And that explains why
more DNA was sequenced.

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Then [INAUDIBLE].

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Again, there's no interaction
with the proteasome,

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but also, [INAUDIBLE] is
not getting [INAUDIBLE].

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It is taken [INAUDIBLE], because
there are other molecules

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that [INAUDIBLE].

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So that explains why
[INAUDIBLE] sequence.

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So from my experience, I could
evaluate that seven [INAUDIBLE]

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does indeed
influence [INAUDIBLE]

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by regulating
transcription. [INAUDIBLE].

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Then what have I
learned in the research?

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I had a very valuable
experience, lab experience,

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[? in the class. ?] I
learned the real life,

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like the real kind of
research experience.

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And then how important
note-taking and asking

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questions and learning is.

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So it is really important
for me to ask questions

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to my PhD mentor, and
also to the other people,

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because I didn't ask
many questions initially.

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[INAUDIBLE].

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So I started asking questions
and found [INAUDIBLE].

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They are such good resources.

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And I wrote down everything
that I did, note-taking.

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And I learned all those.

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I was really great for
me to learn and practice

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how to plan and
perform [INAUDIBLE].

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And then also I learned cleared
vision and plan for [INAUDIBLE]

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after graduation.

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So I'm very sure
that I'm going to go

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to graduate school and then
three more years of college,

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hopefully.

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And I want to pursue the
research field in genetics,

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or maybe somewhere else
in biochemical field.

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And also I realized
how important

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it is to learn [INAUDIBLE].

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So I'm going to take more pure
science classes, apparently,

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during three more years
of graduate school.

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[INAUDIBLE], and thank you.

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